1. Mark Twain , The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer (1876; Penguin, 1986), P.37.
2. 录自From Gore To Temple , 1889-1993 By A. M. Ramsey (Longmans, 1960), P.166.3. Joph Habgood, Confessions Of A Conservative Liberal (SPCK, 1988), Pp.2-3.4. S.C. Neill, Anglicanism (1958; Penguin, 1982),P. 190.
5. 出自罗恩主教于一九八0雪梨年会的会长致词。
导论:福音派信仰要义
1. Patrick Johnstone Operation World (OM Publishing, 1996 Edition), P.35.
2. John S. Peart-Binns, Wand Of London (Mowbray, 1987), P.29.
3. Michael Saward , Evangelicals On The Move (Mowbray, 1987), P.14. David Hare ,Racing Demon (Faber, 1990), P.59.
5. Culture Wars( Harper Collins, 1991), P.144.
6. Martin Luther, A Commentary On St. Paul'S Epistle To The Galatianss (James Clarke, 1953),P. 53.7. Hugh Latimer, Works, Vol. I, Pp.30f.
8. John Jewel, Works,Vol .p.10349. The Character Of Methodist (1742)p.10.
10. Just As I Am: The Autobiography Of Billy Graham (Harper -Zondervan, 1997)p.16011. Carl F. H. Henry, The Uneasy Conscience Of Modern Fundamentalism Eerdmans, 1947)p.26.
12. 参James Barr所著Fundamentalism (SCM, 1966),以及John S. Spong 所著Rescuing The Bible From Fundamentalism(Harper, 1991). Harriet A. Harries 认为James Barr的批判言之有理,并加以发挥。她针对基要主义作出三种定义:1。1920年代的历史性运动,为了抵抗现代主义,2。主张隔离的旧派基要主义分子、政治化的新基要派,同时偶有些福音派的一种意识型态.(Fundamentalism And Evangelicals , OUP,1998.)分辨历史、身分与意识型态显然很重要,因此Harriet Harries透澈的研究值得仔细评估。但是福音派会一直抵拒别人把他们划分为基要主义派,或是指责他们怀有“合理化的基要主义心态。13. 同前,36-37页。
14. Rowland Croucher, Recent Trends Among Evangelicals (Albatross-Marc, 1986)p.7.
15. Clive Calver And Rob Warner , Together We Stand (Hodder And Stoughton, 1996).pp.128-30.
16. 出自题为‘Lausanne Between Berlin And Geneva’的一篇文章,收录于Reich Gottesoder Weltgemeinschaft, Ed. W. Kunneth And P. Beyerhaus (Verlag Der Liebenzeller Mission, 1975)pp.307-308.
17. J.I.Packer, The Evangelical Anglican Identity Problem: An Analysis (Latimer House. Oxford 1987),麦葛福博士(Alister Mcgrath)在其著作Evangelicalism And The Future Of Christianity ( Hodder And Stoughton, 1994),也采纳了这六种基本或主要的原则。
18. D.W. Bebbington, Evangelicalism In Modern Britain: A History From The 1930s To The 1980s( Unwin Hyman, 1989),P3.贝低在该书记-19页,用了许多历史上的例证详解这四个特质,并且广受采用。Clive Calver 与Rob Warner在其合著的Together We Stand 也采用了这四点,不过又附加了两个特质,亦即以基督为中心与渴求复兴见94-105页。马丁(John Martin)在Gospel People?(SPCK, 1997),PP. 9 And 13,也引述了贝宾博士的四要素,不过改变了顺序,并加上另一特质:追求圣洁。
19. Derek J. Tidball, Who Are The Evangelicals? ( Marshall Pickering , 1994)P.14.
20. 同前,p.276.
21. 同上,p4.
22. 在The Radical Evangelical: Seeking A Place To Stand (SPCK, 1996),赖特(Nigel Wright)也提到三位一体在福音派信仰所居的至高地位。
神的启示
1. 徒十四17,十七24下。
2. 由D.W.Bebbington 引述,同前,P.86.
3. Alec Motyer, Look To The Rock: An Old Testament Background To Our Understanding Of Christ(IVP, 1996).P.182.
4. Diogenes Allen, Christian Belief In A Post-Modern World: The Full Wealth Of Conviction (Westminster /Joph Knox Press, 1989,Pp.1-9 九代出版了一些检视福音派与后现代主义互动的著作:Revisioning Evangelical Theology: A Fresh Agenda For The 21 St Century Bu Stanley J. Grentz(IVP, Downers Grove, 1993);The Post -Evangelical By Dave Tomlinson (SPCK, 1995); Truth Is Stranger Than It Used To Be: Biblical Faith In A Post-Modern Age By J. Richard Middleton And Brian J. Walsh (SPCK, 1995); Picking Up The Pieces: Can Evangelcials Adapt To Contemporary Culture? By David Hillborn (Hodder And Stoughton, 1997)Millard J. Erickson 所写The Evangelical Left: Encountering Post-Conservative Evangelical Theology (Baker, 1997)对北美的后保守派有正面与负面的评价。
5. Os Guinness, Fit Bodies, Fad Minds: Why Evangelcials Don't Think And What To Do About It Baker, 1994).P.105.
6. Peter Cotterell In The London Bible College Review(1989).
7. 有些现代圣经译本为 凡神所默示的圣经都是有益的,言下之意有些经文不是神所默示,因此就没有益处。但是:A)没有默示的圣经这个观念,用语上就有矛盾;B)希腊经文里有Kai(即英文的And之意)表示保罗讲了两件事:第一,经文是神所吹过气的;第二,是对人有益的。华斐德(B.B. Warfield)有篇文章论及圣经的终结,以及这节经文的含义,至今无人能及,或反驳得了。见其The Inspiration And Authority Of The Bible (Presbyterian And Reformed, 1951), 第三章。
8. 巴刻,《基要主义与神的道》,证道,88-89页(J.I.Packer, ‘Fundamentalism’And The Word Of God, IVF, 1958).
9. 同上,88页。
10. 同上,89页。
11. Richard Hooker .Laws Of Ecclesiastical Polity (1593-7), Book V. 8.11.
12. 注意登山宝训中六个对句:“你们听见有话说......但我告诉你们,耶稣并没有与写下的经文相冲突,而是与说出的口头传统抗衡。
13. The Lambeth Conference 1958 (Spck),Part2, P.5.
14. Alister Mcgrath , To Know And Serve God : A Biography Of J. I. Packer (Hodder And Stoughton, 1997), Pp.201-202.
15. Kenneth S. Kantzer And Carl F. H. Henry (Eds.), Evangelical Affirmations (Academic Books, Zondervan, 1990), Pp. 32,38.
16. E.D. Hirsch, Validity In Interpretation , (Yale University Press, 1967),P.1.
17. 同前 ,P.5.
18. John Stott (Ed.), Making Christ Known : Historic Mission Documents From The Lausanne Movement 1974-1989(Pater-Noster, 1997),Pp.13-14. 芝加哥圣经无误宣言(The Chicago Statement On Biblical Inerrancy, 1978)就洛桑信约的句子再加以发挥,说我们要视为神的指示而相信圣经肯定的一切道理;视为神的命令而顺服圣经一切的要求;视为神的誓言而领圣经一切的应许。
基督十架
1.J.C. Ryle Home Truths (Thynne, N.D.),Pp. 19-20.
2. P.T. Forsyth , The Cruciality Of The Cross (Hodder And Stoughton 1909),Pp. 44-45.
3.P.T. Forsyth, The Work Of Christ (Hodder And Stoughton ,1910), P53.
4.Leon Morris , The Cross In The New Testament (Paternoster, 1965), P.365.
5.同前, P.4.
6. Catholicity: A Study In The Conflict Of Christian Traditions In The West( Dacre Press ,1974).
7. 同上, P.21-23.
8. The Fullness Of Christ : The Church'S Growth Into Catholicity (Spck, 1950),Pp.17,23.
9. 见:耶六14, 八11; 结十三10及下。
10. 韩玛绍,《痕/迹》,基道,特别是161-162页(Dag Hammarskjold , Markings, ET Faber, 1964).
11. Charles Smyth, Cyril Forster Garbett, Archbishop Of York ( Hodder And Stoughton, 1959),P.424.
12. Hilton C. Oswald(Ed.), Luther'S Works, Vol. 25 (Concordia, 1972),Pp.291,345.
13. Emil Brunner, The Mediator ( ET Westminster Press, 1947), P.141.
14. Emil Bruner , Man In Revolt (1937; ET Lutterworth, 1939), P.129.
15. Emil Brunner, Dogmatics, Vol, Pp.92-93.
16. Swami Vivekananda, Speeches And Writings 3rd Edition (G.A. Natesan , Madras), PP. 38-39.
17. 同上,P.125.
18. Alister Mcgrath , To Know And Serve God: A Biography Of James I. Packer(Hodder And Stoughton, 1997), P. 205.
19. Commentary On The Epistle To The Galatians (1535; James Clarke, 1953), P.143.Cf.P.101.
20. First Book Of Homilies (1547)From Homilies And Canons (Spck, 1914), Pp. 25-26.
21. R.T. Beckwith , G.E. Duffiel And J.I. Packer, Acros The Divide (Marcham Manor Pres, 1977), P.58.近代学者的确质疑因信称义是否是保罗神学的中心,也质疑因信称义的传统解释,认为多受路德本的戏剧化经历影响所致,并非新约的教导。例见汤母.赖特,《再思保罗神学争议》,校园(Tom Wirght ,What St. Paul Really Said, Lion, 1997).我们当然同意,四面八方 称义只是保罗使用的救赎隐喻之一。不过这些对保罗的新观点,我并不是太信服。我们必须坚守因信称义是神恩典的礼物,这真理,是藉着十架白白赐给我们这些不配的人(例:罗三24,五15-17,六23).
22. 例见:罗三28,五1,加二16;腓三9.
23. 出自Richard Hooker所著Ecclesiastical Polity(1593-97),第33章‘Definition Of Justification.'
24. 潘霍华,《追随基督》,道声(Dietrich Bonhoeffer, The Cost Of Discipleship, 1937).
25. William Temple ,Nature, Man And God ( Macmillan, 1934), P. 401.
26. The Guardian Weekly, 30 August 1979.
圣灵的工作
1. Council Of Trent , Session 7, Canon 8.
2. Ecclesiastical Polity, V.P.67.
3. James Ussher, The Body Of Divinity Chapter 42.
4. J.C. Ryle , Knots Untied (1877; Thyne People'S Edition', 1900), P.6.
5.福音派基於得救确据的教义,向来反对为过世的信徒祷告的作法。我们当然要一直纪念他们。要突然间抹杀对他们的回忆,既不人道,也很奇怪。同时我们也会为著他们感谢神。那麽我们何不为他们祷告呢?有两个理由。第一,新约圣经有无数经文勉励人为活人祷告,却没有一处经文要我们为逝者祷告;因此这种作法没有圣经根据。第二,圣经也向我们确保,既然因信称义,「就藉著我们的主耶稣基督得与神相和」(罗五1)。
保罗另外也告诉歌罗西人要感谢父,「叫我们能与众圣徒在光明中同得基业」(西一12一14)。我们已经有具体的确据,知道蒙神拯救的人已经得享平安(译注:亦即罗五1的与神相和 与光明;那么套句传统说词,我们又怎可以求神让离世的灵魂「安息於平安」并且「有恒常的光辉照耀他们」?求神赐给他们已经拥有的平安与光明,简直就是侮蔑基督的工作,并且与基督徒的确据不相符合6. 见:约壹二3、5,三14、19,四13,五19。
7. 圣餐中的奉献祷告。
8. D.M. Lloyd-Jones, The New Man: An Exposition Of Romans 6 (Banner Of Truth, 1972), P.264.
9. Handley Moule , Thoughts On Christian Sanctity (Seeley, 1888), Pp.13-15.
10. 同上,16页11. 见Truth, Error And Discipline (Vine Books, 1978), 是英国国教福音派协会为自己制作的小册子。
12. 第四版,修订于一九九O年。
13. 一九八一年,巴刻博士采用了赖尔的那句难忘的用词,写了A Kind Of Noah'S Ark? The Anglican Commitment To Comprehensiveness, 作为早期作品The Evangelical Anglican Identity Problem: An Analysis (Latimer House Oxford, 1978)的姐妹作。
14. The Fullness Of Christ : The Church'S Growth Into Catholicity, 递给坎特伯利大主教的报告(SPCK,1960),7-8页。
15. Alec Vidler, Essays In Liberality (Scm, 1957), P.166.
16. 出自他的文章‘Taking Stock In Theology’In Evangelicals Today, Ed, John C. King (Lutterworth, 1973), P.17.
17. John V. Taylor, The Gobetween God (Scm, 1972),P.3.
18. Joph Stott (Ed.), Making Christ Known: Historic Mission Documents From The Lausanne Movement, 1974-1989(Pater-Noster And Eerdmans, 1996), P.238.
19. William Temple , Readings In St. John'S Gospel (1945; Macmil-Lans, 1955), P.130.
20. Harry R. Boer , Pentecost And Missions (Lutterworth, 1961), P.210.
21. In John Stott (Ed.), 同前,Pp.181-182.
22. Power Evangelism, P.117.
23. 同上,P.117.
24. 例:出四1-9;王上十七-十八;徒二22; 林后二十12.
25. 同前, P.238.
26. John Stott (Ed.)' 同前, P.238.
27. 复兴在这里的定义是超自然、完全出于神的彰显现象。所以我的意思很清楚,不是指举办奋兴会比如说是福音性的特会,这种人为活动说的;不过,美国南方还在用奋兴会这种说法。
28. Johannes Blauw, The Missionary Nature Of The Church (1962; Eerdmans, 1974), P.89.
结论:福音派信仰的挑战
1. The Letter To Diognetus, V.5.8.
2. 弗四1; 路三8;太十37;西一10;贴前二12.
3. Rob Warner 在他一篇文章‘Fracture Points’就这些以及其他议题扩大讨论,收录于Together We Stand By Clive Calver And Rob Warner (Hodder And Stoughton ,1996),Pp. 60-93.
4. Joph T. Wilkinson 在The Reformed Pastor(Epworth Ed., 1939)一书的导读中31页这样说的。其拉丁原文为:In Necesariis Unitas , In Non-Necessariis Libertas, In Omnibus Caritas.
5. Church Of England Newspaper, 17 April 1998.
6. 马挺,《丁道尔新的圣经注释:腓立比书》,校园(R.P. Martin, Philippians, Tntc, Ivp And Eerdmans, 1959)7. 这十位殉道士的完整记载,见于Andrew Chandler(Ed.), The Terrible Alternative (Cassell, 1998).
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