1
tn (1:1) Grk "Paul." The word "from" is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied to indicate the sender of the letter.
2tn (1:1) Or "are throughout Achaia."
3tn (1:2) Grk "Grace to you and peace."
4tn (1:4) Or "our trials"; traditionally, "our affliction." The term qli'yi" (qliyi") refers to trouble (including persecution) that involves direct suffering (L&N 22.2).
5tn (1:4) Or "any trials"; traditionally, "any affliction."
6tn (1:5) This Greek word translated sufferings here (pavqhma, paqhma) is a different one than the one Paul uses for his own afflictions/persecutions (qli'yi", qliyi") in v. 4
7tn (1:5) I.e., suffering incurred by Paul as a consequence of his relationship to Christ. The genitive could be considered to have a causative nuance here.
8tn (1:5) Traditionally, "abound" (here and throughout this section).
9tn (1:5) The words "to you" are not in the Greek text, but are implied by the statements in the following verse.
10tn (1:6) Or "are troubled."
11tn (1:7) Grk "as you are sharers in."
12tn (1:7) Grk "will be sharers in."
13tn (1:8) Grk "brothers," but the Greek word may be used for "brothers and sisters" or "fellow Christians" as here (cf. BAGD 16 s.v. ajdelfov" 1., where considerable nonbiblical evidence for the plural ajdelfoiv [adelfoi] meaning "brothers and sisters" is cited).
14sn (1:8) Asia in the NT is always the Roman province of Asia, made up of about one-third of the west and southwest end of modern Asia Minor. Asia lay to the west of the region of Phrygia and Galatia.
15tn (1:9) Grk "we ourselves had the sentence of death within ourselves." Here ajpovkrima (apokrima) is being used figuratively; no actual official verdict had been given, but in light of all the difficulties that Paul and his colleagues had suffered, it seemed to them as though such an official verdict had been rendered against them (L&N 56.26).
16tn (1:9) Or "might not put confidence in ourselves."
17tn (1:10) Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the relative clause "who delivered us..." was made a separate sentence in the translation.
18tn (1:10) Grk "deliver us, on whom we have set our hope."
19tn (1:11) Grk "so that thanks may be given by many." The words "to God" are not in the Greek text, but are implied. The passive construction has been converted to an active one for clarity, in keeping with contemporary English style.
20tn (1:12) Or "for boasting."
21tc (1:12) Two viable variants exist at this place in the text: aJgiovthti (Jagiothti, "holiness") vs. aJplovthti (Japlothti, "pure motives"). B. M. Metzger (Textual Commentary, 507) suggests that a confusion of letters produced the variant; in uncial script they words would have been written agiothti and aplothti. This, however, does not explain which reading created the other. The variant aJplovthti, though largely a Western-Byzantine reading (Í2 D F G Byz lat syr) is better suited to the context, and it is a Pauline word while aJgiovth" is not. It also best explains the rise of the other variants, praovthti (praothti, "gentleness") and splavgcnoi" (splancnoi", "compassion"), which is an important criteria for authenticity. On the other hand, the external evidence in favor of aJgiovthti is extremely strong (Ì46 Í* A B C K P Y 33 81 1739 1881 cop Clement Origen Didymus et alii). This diversity of MSS provides excellent evidence for authenticity, but because of the internal evidence listed above, aJplovthti is to be preferred, albeit only slightly.
tn (1:12) Or "sincerity." The two terms translated "pure motives" (aJplovth", Japloth") and "sincerity" (eijlikrivneia, eilikrineia) are close synonyms.
22tn (1:12) Grk "pure motives and sincerity of God."
23tn (1:12) Or "not by worldly wisdom."
24tn (1:12) Or "and especially."
25tn (1:13) Grk "than the things."
26tn (1:13) Grk "to the end," a Greek idiom for "fully," "totally," "completely."
27tn (1:14) Grk "that we are your boast even as you are our boast."
28tn (1:15) Grk "a second grace," "a second favor" (used figuratively of a second visit by Paul).
29tn (1:16) Grk "come again."
30tn (1:17) The Greek construction anticipates a negative answer. This is indicated in the translation by the `tag' question "did I?" at the end of the sentence.
31tn (1:17) Grk "the things that I plan, do I plan (them)."
32tn (1:17) Grk "according to the flesh."
33tn (1:17) Grk "so that with me there should be."
34sn (1:19) Silvanus is usually considered to be the same person as Silas (L&N 93.340).
35tn (1:21) Or "strengthens."
36tn (1:21) Grk "But he who establishes us together with you in Christ and anointed us is God."
37tn (1:22) Or "first installment," "pledge," "deposit."
sn (1:22) Down payment. The Greek word ajrrabwvn (arrabwn) denotes the first payment or first installment of money or goods which serves as a guarantee or pledge for the completion of the transaction. In the NT the term is used only figuratively of the Holy Spirit as the down payment of the blessings promised by God (it occurs later in 2 Cor 5:5, and also in Eph 1:14). In the "already--not yet" scheme of the NT the possession of the Spirit now by believers ("already") can be viewed as a guarantee that God will give them the balance of the promised blessings in the future ("not yet").
1tn (1:23) Grk "I call upon God as witness against my soul." Normally this implies an appeal for help (L&N 33.176).
2tn (1:23) Here feidovmeno" (feidomeno") has been translated as a telic participle.
3sn (1:23) Paul had promised to come again to visit (see 2 Cor 1:15, 24) but explains here why he had changed his plans.
4tn (1:24) Or "because you stand firm in the faith."
5tc (2:1) Though usually dev (de, "now") should take precedent over gavr (gar) in the corpus Paulinum, the credentials for gavr here are not easily dismissed (Ì46 B 0223 0243 33 1739 1881 et alii); here it is the preferred reading.
6tn (2:1) Or "I decided this for myself."
7tn (2:1) Grk "not to come to you again in sorrow."
sn (2:1) Paul was not speaking absolutely about not making another visit, but meant he did not want to come to the Corinthians again until the conflict he mentioned in 2 Cor 2:4-11 was settled.
8tn (2:2) Or "to cheer me up." L&N 25.131 translates this "For if I were to make you sad, who would be left to cheer me up?"
9tn (2:3) The words "to you" are not in the Greek text but are implied.
10sn (2:3) So that when I came. Regarding this still future visit by Paul, see 2 Cor 12:14; 13:1.
11tn (2:4) Or "the love that I have in great measure for you."
12tn (2:5) Or "(not to say too much)"; Grk "(not to burden you [with words])."
13tn (2:7) Grk "so that on the other hand."
14tn (2:7) The word "him" is not in the Greek text but is supplied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted and must be supplied from the context.
15tn (2:7) Grk "comfort him, so that he is not somehow overwhelmed." Because of the length of the Greek sentence and the difficulty of expressing a negative purpose/result clause in English a new sentence was started here in the translation.
16tn (2:7) Grk "comfort him, lest somehow such a person be swallowed up by excessive grief," an idiom for a person being so overcome with grief as to despair or give up completely (L&N 25.285). In this context of excessive grief or regret for past sins, "overwhelmed" is a good translation since contemporary English idiom speaks of someone "overwhelmed by grief."
17tn (2:8) Or "I urge you to show that your love for him is real."
18tn (2:9) The word "you" is not in the Greek text, but is implied (as an understood direct object).
19tn (2:9) Grk "to know the proof of you," that is, to know if the Corinthians' obedience to Paul as an apostle was genuine (L&N 72.7).
20tn (2:11) Or "be taken advantage of."
21sn (2:12) Troas was a city and region in the northwest corner of Asia Minor.
22tn (2:12) This is translated as a concessive participle ("even though"). The passive construction ("a door of opportunity had been opened for me by the Lord") has been converted to an active one in the translation for clarity.
23tn (2:12) Grk "a door"; the phrase ajnoivgw quvran (anoigw quran, "to open a door") is an idiom meaning "to make possible some opportunity" (L&N 71.9).
24tn (2:13) Or "I had no peace of mind."
25tn (2:13) Or "I took my leave of them."
26tn (2:13) Since this refers to the outset of a journey, the aorist ejxh'lqon (exhlqon) is taken ingressively.
27tn (2:14) Or "who always causes us to triumph."
28tn (2:14) Or "in the Messiah."
29tn (2:14) Or "who reveals."
30tn (2:16) The same Greek word (ojsmhv, osmh) translated "odor" here (in relation to the stench of death) is translated "fragrance" in 2:14 and in the next phrase of the present verse. The word itself can describe a smell or odor either agreeable or disagreeable depending on the context (L&N 79.45).
31sn (2:16) These things refer to the things Paul is doing in his apostolic ministry.
32tn (2:17) The participle kaphleuvonte" (kaphleuonte") refers to those engaged in retail business, but with the negative connotations of deceptiveness and greed--"to peddle for profit," "to huckster" (L&N 57.202). In the translation a noun form ("hucksters") has been used in combination with the English verb "peddle...for profit" to convey the negative connotations of this term.
33tn (2:17) Or "in the presence of."
34tn (2:17) Or "persons of pure motives."
1tn (3:1) The Greek construction anticipates a negative reply ("No, we do not") which is indicated in the translation by the `tag' at the end, "do we?"
2tn (3:2) That is, "letter of recommendation."
3tn (3:3) Or "making plain."
4tn (3:3) Grk "cared for by us," an expression that could refer either to the writing or the delivery of the letter (BAGD 184 s.v. diakonevw). Since the following phrase refers to the writing of the letter, and since the previous verse speaks of this "letter" being "written on our [Paul's and his companions'] hearts" it is more probable that the phrase "cared for by us" refers to the delivery of the letter (in the person of Paul and his companions).
5sn (3:3) An allusion to Exod 24:12; 31:18; 34:1; Deut 9:10-11.
6tn (3:5) Or "competent."
7tn (3:5) Or "competence."
8tn (3:6) Or "competent."
9sn (3:6) This new covenant is promised in Jer 31:31-34; 32:40.
10tn (3:7) Grk "on stones"; but since this is clearly an allusion to the tablets of the Decalogue (see 2 Cor 3:3) the word "tablets" was supplied in the translation to make the connection clear.
11tn (3:7) Grk "so that the sons of Israel."
12sn (3:7) The glory of his face. When Moses came down from Mt. Sinai with the tablets of the Decalogue, the people were afraid to approach him because his face was so radiant (Exod 34:29-30).
13tn (3:7) The words "a glory" are not in the Greek text, but the reference to "glory" has been repeated from the previous clause for clarity.
14tn (3:7) Or "which was transitory."
15tn (3:8) Grk "how will not rather the ministry of the Spirit be with glory?"
16tn (3:9) Grk "the ministry of condemnation"; translated as an objective genitive, "the ministry that produced condemnation."
17tn (3:9) Grk "the ministry of righteousness"; translated as an objective genitive, "the ministry that produces righteousness."
18tn (3:9) Traditionally, "abound."
19tn (3:10) Grk "in this case."
20tn (3:10) The words "of what replaced it" are not in the Greek text, but have been supplied to clarify the meaning.
21tn (3:11) Or "through" (diav, dia).
22tn (3:11) Or "what is permanent."
23tn (3:12) Or "we employ great openness of speech."
24tn (3:13) Grk "the sons of Israel."
25tn (3:13) Or "from gazing intently."
26tn (3:13) Grk "on the end of what was fading away"; the referent (glory) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
27tn (3:14) Grk "their minds were hardened."
28tn (3:14) Grk "the same veil remains at the reading of the old covenant"; the phrase "they hear" has been introduced ("when they hear the old covenant read") to make the link with the "Israelites" (v. 13) whose minds were closed (v. 14a) more obvious to the reader.
29tn (3:14) Or "only in Christ is it eliminated."
30tn (3:15) Grk "their heart."
31tn (3:16) Or perhaps "when(ever) he turns," referring to Moses.
32sn (3:16) An allusion to Exod 34:34. The entire verse may refer to Moses, viewing him as a type portraying the Jewish convert to Christianity in Paul's day.
33tn (3:17) Grk "where the Spirit of the Lord is"; the word "present" is supplied to specify that the presence of the Lord's Spirit is emphasized rather than the mere existence of the Lord's Spirit.
34tn (3:18) Or "we all with unveiled faces beholding the glory of the Lord as in a mirror."
35tn (3:18) Grk "from glory to glory."
36tn (3:18) Grk "just as from."
37tn (3:18) Grk "from the Lord, the Spirit"; the genitive pneuvmato" (pneumato") is translated as a genitive of apposition.
1tn (4:1) Grk "just as we have been shown mercy"; hjlehvqhmen (hlehqhmen) is translated as a `divine passive' which is a circumlocution for God as the active agent. For clarity this was converted to an active construction with God as subject in the translation.
2tn (4:1) Or "we do not lose heart."
3tn (4:2) L&N 13.156; the word can also mean "to assert opposition to," thus here "we have denounced" (L&N 33.220).
4tn (4:2) Grk "the hidden things [deeds] of shame"; here aijscuvnh" (aiscunh") is translated as an attributive genitive.
5tn (4:2) Or "not conducting ourselves"; Grk "not walking" (a common NT idiom for conduct, way of life, or behavior).
6tn (4:2) Or "craftiness."
7tn (4:4) Or "of unbelievers."
8tn (4:4) Grk "the gospel of the glory"; dovxh" (doxhs) is translated as an attributive genitive.
9tn (4:4) Or "so that the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ would not be evident to them" (L&N 28.37).
10tn (4:5) Or "preach."
11tn (4:5) Traditionally, "servants." Though dou'lo" (doulos) is normally translated "servant," the word does not bear the connotation of a free individual serving another. BAGD notes that "`servant' for `slave' is largely confined to Biblical transl. and early American times...in normal usage at the present time the two words are carefully distinguished" (BAGD 205 s.v.). The most accurate translation is "bondservant" (sometimes found in the ASV for dou'lo"), in that it often indicates one who sells himself into slavery to another. But as this is archaic, few today understand its force.
12sn (4:6) An allusion to Gen 1:3; see also Isa 9:2.
13tn (4:6) Grk "the light of the knowledge of the glory"; dovxh" (doxhs) is translated as an attributive genitive.
14tn (4:7) Grk "the surpassingness of the power"; dunavmew" (dunamew") is translated as an attributed genitive ("extraordinary power").
15tn (4:8) Grk "we are hard pressed [by crowds] on every side."
16tn (4:8) Or "at a loss."
17tn (4:9) Or "forsaken."
18tn (4:9) Or "badly hurt." It is possible to interpret kataballovmenoi (kataballomenoi) here as "badly hurt": "[we are] badly hurt, but not destroyed" (L&N 20.21).
19tn (4:10) The first clause of 2 Cor 4:10 is elliptical and apparently refers to the fact that Paul was constantly in danger of dying in the same way Jesus died (by violence at least). According to L&N 23.99 it could be translated, "at all times we live in the constant threat of being killed as Jesus was."
20tn (4:10) Or "may also be revealed."
21tn (4:11) Or "may also be revealed."
22tn (4:11) Grk "mortal flesh."
23tn (4:12) Or "So then."
24tn (4:12) Grk "death is at work in us, but life in you"; the phrase "is at work in" is repeated in the translation for clarity.
25tn (4:13) Grk "spirit of faith according to."
26sn (4:13) A quotation from Ps 116:10.
27tn (4:14) Grk "speak, because." A new sentence was started here in the translation, with the words "We do so" supplied to preserve the connection with the preceding statement.
28tc (4:14) A variant here adds the word kuvrion (kurion), changing the reading to "the Lord Jesus." Although the external evidence in favor of the shorter reading is slim, the witnesses are important, early, and diverse (Ì46 B 33 1739 itr vg sa Tertullian et alii). Very likely a scribe with pietistic motives added the word kuvrion, thus compounding this title for the Lord.
29tn (4:15) Or "that is abounding to."
30tn (4:15) Or "to abound."
31tn (4:16) Or "do not lose heart."
32tn (4:16) Grk "our outer man."
33tn (4:16) Grk "our inner [man]."
34tn (4:17) Grk "momentary lightness of affliction."
1sn (5:1) The expression the tent we live in refers to "our earthly house, our body." Paul uses the metaphor of the physical body as a house or tent, the residence of the immaterial part of a person.
2tn (5:1) Or "destroyed."
3tn (5:2) Or "dwelling place."
4tn (5:2) Or "to be clothed with."
5tc (5:3) Some MSS read "taken off" (ejkdusavmenoi, ekdusamenoi) instead of "put on" (ejndusavmenoi, endusamenoi). This alternative reading would change the emphasis of the verse from putting on "our heavenly house" to taking off "our earthly house" (see the following note regarding the specification of the referent). The difference between the two readings is one letter (n or k), either of which may be mistaken for the other when written in uncial script. ejndusavmenoi ("put on") enjoys strong support from the Alexandrian text (Ì46 Í B C 33 1739 1881), Byzantine (Byz) witnesses, versions (lat syr cop), and Clement of Alexandria. The Western text is the only texttype to differ (D reads ejkdusavmenoi; F and G read ekl for ekd which indirectly aligns them with D [and was surely due to confusion of letters in uncial script]). Thus "put on" has the oldest and best external attestation. Internal evidence also favors this reading. At first glance, it may seem that "after we have put on our heavenly house we will not be found naked" is an obvious statement; the scribe of D may have thought so and changed the participle. But v. 3 seems parenthetical (so A. Plummer, Second Corinthians [ICC], 147), and the idea that "we do not want to be unclothed but clothed" is repeated in v. 4 with an explanatory "for." This concept also shows up in v. 2 with the phrase "we desire to put on." So the context argues for "put on" as the original reading. B. M. Metzger argues against the reading of NA27, stating that ejkdusavmenoi is an early alteration "in order to avoid apparent tautology" (Textual Commentary, 511; so also Plummer, 148). In addition, the reading ejndusavmenoi fits the Pauline pattern of equivalence between apodosis and protasis that is found often enough in his conditional clauses. Thus, "put on" has the mark of authenticity on all counts.
6tn (5:3) Grk "it"; the referent (the "heavenly dwelling" of the previous verse) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
7sn (5:4) See the note in 5:1 on the phrase the tent we live in.
8tn (5:4) Or "we are burdened."
9tn (5:5) Grk "for this very thing."
10tn (5:5) Or "first installment," "pledge," "deposit" (see the note on the phrase "down payment" in 1:22).
11tn (5:6) Grk "we know that being at home in the body"; an idiom for being alive (L&N 23.91).
12tn (5:7) Grk "we walk."
13tn (5:8) Or "be absent."
14tn (5:9) Grk "whether we are at home" [in the body]; an idiom for being alive (L&N 23.91).
15tn (5:9) Grk "to be pleasing to him."
16sn (5:10) The judgment seat (bh'ma, bhma) was a raised platform mounted by steps and sometimes furnished with a seat, used by officials in addressing an assembly or making pronouncements, often on judicial matters. The judgment seat was a common item in Greco-Roman culture, often located in the agora, the public square or marketplace in the center of a city. Use of the term in reference to Christ's judgment would be familiar to Paul's 1st century readers.
17tn (5:10) Or "whether good or bad."
18tn (5:11) Or "because we know what it means to fear the Lord."
19tn (5:11) The present tense of peivqomen (peiqomen) is translated as a conative present.
20tn (5:11) Grk "men"; but a[nqrwpo" (anqrwpo") is generic here since clearly both men and women are in view (Paul did not attempt to win only men to the gospel he preached).
21tn (5:11) Or "clearly evident." BAGD 853 s.v. fanerovw 2.b.a has "qew/' pefanerwvmeqa we are well known to God 2 Cor 5:11a, cf. 11b; 11:6 t.r."
22tn (5:12) The present tense of sunistavnomen (sunistanomen) is translated as a conative present.
23tn (5:12) Or "to boast about us."
24tn (5:12) Or "who boast."
25tn (5:12) Or "in what is seen."
26tn (5:14) The phrase hJ ajgavph tou' Cristou' (Jh agaph tou Cristou, "the love of Christ") could be translated as either objective genitive ("our love for Christ") or subjective genitive ("Christ's love for us"). Either is grammatically possible, but with the reference to Christ's death for all in the following clauses, a subjective genitive ("Christ's love for us") is more likely.
27tn (5:14) Grk "one"; the referent (Christ) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
28tn (5:15) Or "but for him who died and was raised for them."
29tn (5:16) Grk "we know."
30tn (5:16) Grk "no one according to the flesh."
31tn (5:16) Grk "we have known Christ according to the flesh."
32tn (5:17) Grk "old things have passed away."
33tc (5:17) There is a textual problem here that concerns the inclusion of the words taV pavnta (ta panta, "all things"; cf. KJV "behold, all things are become new"). Many manuscripts include the phrase, some after kaivna (kaina, "new"; Dc K P Y 629 Byz permulti syrh goth eth al) and some before it (6 33 81 614 630 1241 1505 1881 a b pauci). The reading without the phrase taV pavnta has excellent external support (Ì46 Í B C D* G 1739 d g r syr(p),pal sa bo arm), and the different word order of the phrase which includes it ("all things new" or "new all things") in the MS tradition indicates its secondary character. This secondary addition may have taken place because of confusion of the words taV deV pavnta ("and all [these] things") in the following verse.
34tn (5:17) Grk "new things have come [about]."
35tn (5:19) Or "he has entrusted to us."
36tn (5:20) Or "as though God were begging."
37tn (5:20) Or "we beg you."
38tn (5:21) Grk "He"; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
39sn (5:21) The one who did not know sin is a reference to Jesus Christ.
40sn (5:21) That is, "in Christ."
1tn (6:1) Or "receive the grace of God uselessly."
2sn (6:2) A quotation from Isa 49:8.
3tn (6:3) The word "anyone" is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted when clear from the context.
4tn (6:3) Other interpretations of the first part of 2 Cor 6:3 are possible. The phrase could also mean, "not putting an obstacle in the way of anyone" (L&N 22.14), or "giving no one in anything a cause to sin" (L&N 88.307).
5tn (6:4) Or "ministers."
6tn (6:4) Or "we have commended ourselves by all things."
7tn (6:4) Or "in trouble and suffering."
8tn (6:5) Or "rebellions" (uprisings in open defiance of civil authority).
9tn (6:5) Usually kovpoi" (kopois) is translated as "labors" or "hard work," but see Matt 26:10 where it means "trouble"; "distress" (L&N 22.7). In this context with so many other terms denoting suffering and difficulty, such a meaning is preferable.
10tn (6:6) Or "by holiness of spirit."
11tn (6:6) Or "sincere."
12tn (6:7) Grk "by the word of truth"; understanding ajlhqeiva" (alhqeias) as an attributive genitive ("truthful word").
13tn (6:7) Or "speech." In this context it is more likely that lovgo" (logos) refers to Paul's message (thus "teaching") than to his speech in general.
14tn (6:7) The phrase "for the right hand and for the left" possibly refers to a combination of an offensive weapon (a sword for the right hand) and a defensive weapon (a shield for the left).
15tn (6:8) Or "regarded as deceivers."
16tn (6:9) Grk "disciplined," but in this context probably a reference to scourging prior to execution (yet the execution is not carried out).
17tn (6:11) Grk "our mouth has been open to you," an idiom for openness in communication.
18tn (6:12) Grk "You are not restricted by us."
19tn (6:13) The word "my" is not in the Greek text but is implied.
20tn (6:13) The words "to us" are not in the Greek text but are implied.
21tn (6:14) Or "Do not be mismatched."
22sn (6:15) The Greek term Beliavr (Beliar) is a spelling variant for Beliavl (Belial, see Judg 20:13 LXX). It occurs only here in the NT. Beliar is a reference to Satan.
23tn (6:16) Or "live among them," "live with them."
sn (6:16) I will live in them. The OT text that lies behind this passage (Lev 26:11-12) speaks of God dwelling in the midst of his people. The Greek preposition en in the phrase en autoi" ("in them") can also have that meaning ("among" or "with"). However, Paul appears to be extending the imagery here to involve God (as the Spirit) dwelling in his people, since he calls believers "the temple of the living God" in the previous clause, imagery he uses elsewhere in his writings (1 Cor 3:16; Eph 2:21-22).
24sn (6:16) A quotation from Lev 26:12; also similar to Jer 32:38; Ezek 37:27.
25sn (6:17) A quotation from Isa 52:11.
26tn (6:17) Or "will receive."
27sn (6:17) A paraphrased quotation from Ezek 20:41.
28sn (6:18) A paraphrased quotation from 2 Sam 7:14 and Isa 43:6.
29tn (6:18) Traditionally, "the Lord Almighty." BAGD 608 s.v. pantokravtwr states, "the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God...kuvrio" p. (oft. LXX) 2 Cor 6:18."
1tn (7:1) Or "purify ourselves."
2tn (7:1) Grk "from every defilement of the flesh."
3tn (7:1) Grk "accomplishing." The participle has been translated as a finite verb due to considerations of contemporary English style, and "thus" has been supplied to indicate that it represents a result of the previous cleansing.
4tn (7:1) Grk "in the fear of God."
5tn (7:2) The phrase "in your hearts" is not in the Greek text, but is implied.
6tn (7:2) "We have ruined no one" may refer to financial loss ("we have caused no one to suffer financial loss") but it may also refer to the undermining of faith ("we have corrupted no one's faith,"). Both options are mentioned in L&N 20.23.
7tn (7:2) Or "we have taken advantage of no one."
8sn (7:3) See 2 Cor 1:4-7.
9tn (7:3) The words "with you" are not in the Greek text, but are implied.
10tn (7:4) Grk "great is my boasting."
11tn (7:4) Or "comfort."
12tn (7:4) Grk "I am overflowing with joy in all our suffering"; the words "in the midst of" are not in the Greek text but are supplied to clarify that Paul is not rejoicing in the suffering itself, but in his relationship with the Corinthians in the midst of all his suffering.
13tn (7:5) Grk "our flesh."
14tn (7:6) Or "comforts," "consoles."
15tn (7:6) Or "comforted," "consoled."
16tn (7:7) Because of the length and complexity of this Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the phrase "We were encouraged."
17tn (7:7) Or "comfort," "consolation."
18tn (7:7) Grk "by the encouragement with which he was encouraged by you." The passive construction was translated as an active one in keeping with contemporary English style, and the repeated word "encouraged" was replaced in the translation by "gave" to avoid redundancy in the translation.
19tn (7:7) Or "your grieving," "your deep sorrow."
20tn (7:7) Or "your zeal."
21tn (7:8) Grk "if I grieved you."
22sn (7:8) My letter. Paul is referring to the "severe" letter mentioned in 2 Cor 2:4.
23tn (7:8) Grk "I do not regret"; direct objects in Greek must often be supplied from the context. Here one could simply supply "it," but since Paul is referring to the effects of his previous letter, clarity is improved if "having written it" is supplied.
24tn (7:8) Grk "I did regret"; the direct object "it" must be supplied from the context.
25tc (7:8) Some MSS omit the word "for" (gavr, gar). The Alexandrian and Western witnesses are divided among themselves on the omission (Ì46*, c B D* Itala lack the gavr, while Í C D1 F G Y 33 1739 1881 have it). Even though Ì46* omits gavr, it has the same sense because it reads the participle blevpwn.
26tn (7:8) Grk "my letter grieved you."
27tn (7:9) Grk "were grieved" (so also twice later in the verse).
28tn (7:9) Grk "corresponding to God," that is, corresponding to God's will (kataV qeovn, kata qeon). The same phrase occurs in vv. 10 and 11.
29tn (7:9) Grk "so that you did not suffer loss."
30tn (7:11) Grk "this very thing, to be grieved."
31tn (7:11) The words "of yourselves" are not in the Greek text but are implied.
32sn (7:11) What indignation refers to the Corinthians' indignation at the offender.
33tn (7:11) Or "what zeal."
34sn (7:11) That is, punishment for the offender.
35tn (7:12) Grk "but in order that your eagerness on our behalf might be revealed to you."
36tn (7:13) Or "all of you have put his mind at ease."
37tn (7:14) Grk "I have not been put to shame"; the words "by you" are not in the Greek text but are implied.
38tn (7:14) Grk "just as we spoke everything to you in truth."
39tn (7:14) The words "about you" are not in the Greek text but are implied.
40tn (7:15) Or "is all the more."
1tn (8:1) Grk "brothers." See note on the phrase "brothers and sisters" in 1:8.
2tn (8:2) Or "riches."
3tn (8:3) Or "spontaneously."
4tn (8:4) Or "of ministering to."
5tn (8:6) A new sentence was started here in the translation and the word "thus" was supplied to indicate that it expresses the result of the previous clause.
6tn (8:6) Or "we exhorted."
7tn (8:6) The words "this work" are not in the Greek text but are implied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted and must be supplied from the context.
8tn (8:6) Grk "this grace."
9tn (8:7) Grk "as you abound."
10tn (8:7) Grk "you abound."
11tn (8:7) Grk "this grace."
12tn (8:8) Grk "by means of the eagerness of others."
13tn (8:9) Or "generosity."
14tn (8:10) Grk "who."
15tn (8:11) Grk "and now also complete the doing."
16tn (8:11) Grk "just as the eagerness to want [it]."
17tn (8:11) Grk "so also it might be completed." The passive construction was converted to an active one in the translation in keeping with contemporary English style.
18tn (8:11) Grk "completed from what you have."
19tn (8:12) The words "the gift itself" are not in the Greek text but are implied. Translators often supply an English phrase like "it is" (NASB) but in the context, Paul is clearly referring to the collection Titus was to oversee (2 Cor 8:4-7). Therefore there is no reason not to specify the referent (the gift) more narrowly for clarity.
20tn (8:14) Or "their lack."
21tn (8:15) The word "gathered" is not in the Greek text, but is implied (so also for the second occurrence of the word later in the verse).
22sn (8:15) A quotation from Exod 16:18.
23tn (8:16) Or "eagerness."
24tn (8:17) The comparative form of this adjective is used here with elative meaning.
25tn (8:17) This verb is translated as an epistolary aorist.
26tn (8:17) Or "of his own free will."
27tn (8:18) This verb is translated as an epistolary aorist.
28tn (8:18) Grk "the brother of whom the praise in the gospel [is] throughout all the churches."
29tn (8:19) Grk "gospel, and not only this, but." Here a new sentence was started in the translation.
30tn (8:19) Grk "he"; the referent (the brother mentioned in v. 18) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
31tn (8:19) That is, the offering or collection being taken to assist impoverished Christians.
32tn (8:19) The words "to help" are not in the Greek text but are implied (see L&N 25.68).
33tn (8:20) "This" refers to sending the brother mentioned in 2 Cor 8:18 to Corinth along with Titus. The words "We did this" have no equivalent in the Greek text, but are necessary to maintain the thought flow in English. The Greek participle that begins v. 20 continues the sentence begun in v. 18 which concerns the sending of the other brother mentioned there.
34sn (8:21) An allusion to Prov 3:4.
35tn (8:22) This verb is translated as an epistolary aorist.
36tn (8:23) Grk "If concerning Titus" (ei[te uJpeVr Tivtou, eite Juper Titou); the Greek sentence opens with an ellipsis which must be supplied: If [there is any question] about Titus."
37tn (8:23) Grk "apostles."
38tc (8:24) The sense of this translation is attested by the fact that most of the later MSS of 2 Cor have the imperative verb ejndeivxasqe (ejndeixasqe) in place of the participle ejndeiknuvmenoi (endeiknumenoi). Since the participle is more Hebraic in style, many later scribes would not have understood the idiom as easily and would have been likely to change the participle to an imperative (so B. M. Metzger, Textual Commentary, 513-4).
tn (8:24) In the Greek text ejndeiknuvmenoi (endeiknumenoi) is a present participle which is translated as an imperative verb.
39tn (8:24) Or "our boasting about you."
1tn (9:1) Or "it is superfluous."
2tn (9:1) Or "this ministry," "this contribution."
3tn (9:2) The words "to help" are not in the Greek text but are implied.
4tn (9:2) Grk "concerning which I keep boasting to the Macedonians about you." A new sentence was started here and the translation was simplified by removing the relative clause and repeating the antecedent "this eagerness of yours."
5tn (9:2) The words "to give" are not in the Greek text, but are implied.
6tn (9:2) The words "to participate" are not in the Greek text but are implied.
7sn (9:2) Most of them is a reference to the Macedonians (cf. v. 4).
8tn (9:3) This verb is translated as an epistolary aorist.
9tn (9:3) That is, ready with the collection for the saints.
10tn (9:4) Or "be disgraced"; Grk "be put to shame."
11tn (9:4) Grk "by this confidence"; the words "we had in you" are not in the Greek text, but are supplied as a necessary clarification for the English reader.
12tn (9:5) Grk "the blessing."
13tn (9:5) Grk "a blessing."
14tn (9:5) Grk "as a covetousness"; that is, a gift given grudgingly or under compulsion.
15tn (9:6) Or "bountifully."
16tn (9:6) Or "bountifully."
17tn (9:7) Or "must do." The words "of you" and "should do" are not in the Greek text, which literally reads, "Each one just as he has decided in his heart." The missing words are an ellipsis; these or similar phrases must be supplied for the English reader.
18tn (9:7) Or "in his mind."
19tn (9:7) Or "not from regret"; Grk "not out of grief."
20tn (9:7) Or "not out of a sense of duty"; Grk "from necessity."
21tn (9:8) Or "abound."
22tn (9:8) Or "so that by having enough." The Greek participle can be translated as a participle of cause ("because you have enough") or means ("by having enough").
23tn (9:8) Or "abound."
24sn (9:9) He in the quotation refers to the righteous person.
25sn (9:9) A quotation from Ps 112:9.
26tn (9:10) Grk "he"; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
27tn (9:11) Grk "in every way for every generosity," or "he will always make you rich enough to be generous at all times" (L&N 57.29).
28tn (9:12) Or "not only supplying."
29tn (9:13) Or "proof," or perhaps "testing" (NRSV).
30tn (9:13) Or "ministry."
31tn (9:13) Or "your partnership"; Grk "your fellowship."
32tn (9:14) Grk "the extraordinary grace of God to you"; the point is that God has given or shown grace to the Corinthians.
33tn (9:15) "Let us thank God for his gift which cannot be described with words" (L&N 33.202).
1tn (10:1) The Greek pronoun ("you") is plural.
2tn (10:1) The word "personally" is supplied to reflect the force of the Greek intensive pronoun aujtov" (autos) at the beginning of the verse.
3tn (10:1) Or "leniency and clemency." D. Walker, "Paul's Offer of Leniency of Christ (2 Corinthians 10:1)," argues for this alternative translation for three main reasons: (1) When the two Greek nouns prau?th" and ejpieivkeia (prauth" and ejpieikeia) are used together, 90% of the time the nuance is "leniency and clemency." (2) "Leniency and clemency" has a military connotation, which is precisely what appears in the following verses. (3) 2 Cor 10-13 speak of Paul's sparing use of his authority, which points to the nuance of "leniency and clemency."
4tn (10:1) Or "who lack confidence."
5tn (10:1) Or "when face to face with."
6tn (10:1) Or "but bold."
7tn (10:2) Grk "consider us as walking."
8tn (10:2) Grk "according to the flesh."
9tn (10:3) Grk "we walk."
10tn (10:3) Grk "in the flesh."
11tn (10:3) Grk "according to the flesh."
12tn (10:4) Grk "are not fleshly [weapons]." The repetition of the word "warfare" does not occur in the Greek text, but is supplied for clarity.
13tn (10:4) Or "but (are) divinely powerful," "but they have divine power," or "but are powerful for God's [service]"; Grk "but are powerful to God."
14sn (10:4) Ultimately Paul is referring here to the false arguments of his opponents, calling them figuratively "strongholds." This Greek word (ojcuvrwma, ocurwma) is used only here in the NT.
15tn (10:4) Or "speculations."
16tn (10:5) The phrase "every arrogant obstacle" could be translated simply "all arrogance" (so L&N 88.207).
17tn (10:5) Grk "to the obedience of Christ"; but since Cristou' (Cristou) is clearly an objective genitive here, it is better to translate "to make it obey Christ."
18tn (10:6) Or "punish all disobedience."
19tn (10:7) The phrase is close to a recognized idiom for judging based on outward appearances (L&N 30.120). Some translators see a distinction, however, and translate 2 Cor 10:7a as "Look at what is in front of your eyes," that is, the obvious facts of the case (so NRSV).
20tn (10:8) The word "us" is not in the Greek text but is supplied. Indirect objects in Greek were often omitted when clear from the context, and must be supplied for the modern English reader.
21tn (10:8) Grk "I will not be put to shame," "I will not be ashamed." The words "of doing so" are supplied to clarify for the reader that Paul will not be ashamed of boasting somewhat more about the authority the Lord gave him (beginning of v. 8).
22tn (10:10) Or "unimpressive."
23tn (10:10) Or "is contemptible"; Grk "is despised."
24tn (10:11) Grk "what we are in word."
25tn (10:12) Or "they are unintelligent."
26tn (10:13) Or "boast excessively." The phrase eij" taV a[metra (ei" ta ametra) is an idiom; literally it means "into that which is not measured," that is, a point on a scale that goes beyond what might be expected (L&N 78.27).
27tn (10:13) The words "will confine our boasting" are not in the Greek text, but the reference to boasting must be repeated from the previous clause to clarify for the modern reader what is being limited.
28tn (10:13) Grk "according to the measure of the rule which God has apportioned to us as a measure"; for the translation used in the text see L&N 37.100.
29tn (10:14) Grk "with the gospel of Christ," but since Cristou' (Cristou) is clearly an objective genitive here, it is better to translate "with the gospel about Christ."
30tn (10:15) Or "boast excessively." The phrase eij" taV a[metra (ei" ta ametra) is an idiom; literally it means "into that which is not measured," that is, a point on a scale that goes beyond what might be expected (L&N 78.27).
31tn (10:15) Or "in the labors."
32tn (10:15) Grk "but we have the hope."
33tn (10:15) Or "greatly enlarged."
34tn (10:15) That is, Paul's work might be greatly expanded within the area of activity assigned to him by God.
35tn (10:17) The traditional translation ("let the one who boasts boast in the Lord") can be understood as merely permissive by the English reader, but the Greek verb kaucavsqw (kaucasqw) is a third person imperative.
sn (10:17) A quotation from Jer 9:24 (also quoted in 1 Cor 1:31).
1tn (11:2) That is, to Christ.
2tn (11:2) Or "chaste."
3tn (11:3) Grk "I fear lest somehow."
4tn (11:3) Or "the snake."
5tn (11:3) Or "craftiness."
6tn (11:3) Or "corrupted," "seduced."
7tc (11:3) Though most MSS omit "and pure" (kaiV th'" aJgnovthto", kai th" Jagnothto"; Grk "and purity") some important early witnesses (Ì46 Í B D F G 33 81 104) retain these words. Their presence in early MSS across such a wide geographic distribution argues for their originality. The omission from the majority of MSS can be explained by haplography, since the -thto" ending of aJgnovthto" is identical to the ending of the preceding word aJplovthto" (Japlothto", "sincerity"), and since the meanings of "sincerity" and "purity" are similar they might seem redundant. A copyist would scarcely notice the omission because Paul's statement still makes sense without "and from purity."
8tn (11:4) Or "preaches."
9tn (11:4) Grk "another Jesus whom we have not proclaimed."
10tn (11:4) Grk "a different spirit which you did not receive."
11tn (11:4) Grk "a different gospel which you did not accept."
12tn (11:4) Or "you endure it very well."
13tn (11:5) The implicit irony in Paul's remark is brought out well by the TEV: "I do not think that I am the least bit inferior to those very special so-called `apostles' of yours!"
sn (11:5) The `super-apostles' refers either (1) to the original apostles (the older interpretation) or (2) more probably, to Paul's opponents in Corinth, in which case the designation is ironic.
14sn (11:6) Unskilled in speaking means not professionally trained as a rhetorician.
15sn (11:7) Paul is referring to humbling himself to the point of doing manual labor to support himself.
16tn (11:7) Or "preached."
17sn (11:8) That is, serve them free of charge (cf. the end of v. 7).
18tn (11:9) Grk "you, and when." A new sentence was started here in the translation.
19tn (11:9) If the participle ejlqovnte" (elqonte") is taken as temporal rather than adjectival, the translation would be, "for the brothers, when they came from Macedonia, fully supplied my needs" (similar to NASB).
20tn (11:9) Grk "needs, and I kept." A new sentence was started here in the translation.
21tn (11:10) That is, that Paul offers the gospel free of charge to the Corinthians (see 2 Cor 11:7).
22tn (11:10) Or "silenced."
23tn (11:11) Grk "God knows!" The words "I do" are supplied for clarity. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context.
24tn (11:12) Grk "an opportunity, so that they may be found just like us."
25tn (11:13) Or "dishonest."
26tn (11:13) Or "workers, masquerading."
27tn (11:14) Or "Satan himself masquerades."
28tn (11:15) Or "also masquerade."
29tn (11:15) Or "their works."
30tn (11:16) Or "am foolish."
31tn (11:17) Grk "with this confidence of boasting." The genitive kauchvsew" (kauchsew") is translated as an attributed genitive (the noun in the genitive gives an attribute of the noun modified).
32tn (11:17) Or "say with the Lord's authority."
33sn (11:18) Many is a reference to Paul's opponents.
34tn (11:18) Grk "according to the flesh."
35tn (11:19) Or "you tolerate."
36tn (11:20) Or "you tolerate."
37tn (11:20) See L&N 88.212.
38tn (11:21) Or "my shame."
39sn (11:21) It seems best, in context, to see the statement we were too weak for that as a parenthetical and ironic comment by Paul on his physical condition (weakness or sickness) while he was with the Corinthians (cf. 2 Cor 12:7-10; Gal 4:15).
40tn (11:21) The words "to boast about" are not in the Greek text, but are implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, and this phrase serves as the direct object of the preceding verb.
41tn (11:21) Grk "I also dare"; the words "to boast about the same thing" are not in the Greek text, but are implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, and this phrase serves as the direct object of the preceding verb.
42tn (11:24) Grk "forty less one"; this was a standard sentence. "Lashes" is supplied to clarify for the modern reader what is meant.
43sn (11:25) Beaten with a rod refers to the Roman punishment of verberatio according to BAGD 733 s.v. rJabdivzw. Acts 16:22 describes one of these occasions in Philippi; in this case it was administered by the city magistrates, who had wide powers in a military colony.
44sn (11:25) Received a stoning. See Acts 14:19, where this incident is described.
45tn (11:26) Or "bandits." The word normally refers more to highwaymen ("robbers") but can also refer to insurrectionists or revolutionaries ("bandits").
46tn (11:26) Or "desert."
47tn (11:27) The two different words for labor are translated "in hard work and toil" by L&N 42.48.
48tn (11:27) Grk "in cold and nakedness." Paul does not mean complete nakedness, however, which would have been repugnant to a Jew; he refers instead to the lack of sufficient clothing, especially in cold weather. A related word is used to 1 Cor 4:11, also in combination with experiencing hunger and thirst.
49sn (11:28) Apart from other things. Paul refers here either (1) to the external sufferings just mentioned, or (2) he refers to other things he has left unmentioned.
50tn (11:28) "Anxious concern," so translated in L&N 25.224.
51tn (11:29) Or "who is caused to stumble."
52tn (11:30) Grk "If boasting is necessary."
53tn (11:30) Or "about the things related to my weakness."
54tn (11:32) Grk "ethnarch."
sn (11:32) The governor was an official called an ethnarch who was appointed to rule over a particular area or constituency on behalf of a king.
55tn (11:32) Grk "the city of the Damascenes."
56tn (11:32) Or "to seize," "to catch."
57tn (11:33) In Acts 9:25 the same basket used in Paul's escape is called a spuriv" (spuri"), a basket larger than a kovfino" (kofinos). It was very likely made out of rope, so the translation "rope-basket" is used.
1tn (12:1) Grk "Boasting is necessary."
2sn (12:4) In the NT, paradise is mentioned three times. In Luke 24:43 it refers to the abode of the righteous dead. In Rev 2:7 it refers to the restoration of Edenic paradise predicted in Isa 51:3 and Ezek 36:35. The reference here in 2 Cor 12:4 is probably to be translated as parallel to the mention of the "third heaven" in v. 2. Assuming that the "first heaven" would be atmospheric heaven (the sky) and "second heaven" the more distant stars and planets, "third heaven" would refer to the place where God dwells. This is much more likely than some variation on the seven heavens mentioned in the pseudepigraphic book 2 Enoch and in other nonbiblical and rabbinic works.
3tn (12:4) Or "things that cannot be put into words."
4tn (12:4) Grk "a man."
5tn (12:6) Or "speaking."
6tn (12:6) Or "may think of."
7tc (12:7) Most MSS omit diov (dio, "Therefore"), but the widespread distribution and quality of MSS which include it argues for its originality. Also, it is most likely original based upon internal considerations since its inclusion is grammatically rough; diov is hardly necessary to convey purpose, especially since Paul uses i{na next. The presence of diov makes little difference to the translation, except to highlight "the extraordinary character of the revelations."
8tn (12:7) Or "to harass."
9tn (12:7) The phrase "so that I might not become arrogant" is repeated here because it occurs in the Greek text two times in the verse. Although redundant, it is repeated because of the emphatic nature of its affirmation.
10tn (12:9) Here kaiv (kai) has been translated as "but" because of the contrast implicit in the context.
11tn (12:9) Or "is sufficient."
12tc (12:9) The majority of later manuscripts (Í2 Ac D1 Y 0243 0278 33 1739 1881 Byz) as well as some versional witnesses (syrp,h bo arm) include the pronoun "my" here, but the omission of the pronoun has excellent external support (Ì46vid Í* A* B D* F G 424c d g vg sa goth eth al). Scribes probably added the pronoun for clarity, making the obvious referent explicit. This would also make "power" more parallel with "my grace." Though the original text did not include "my," scribes who added the word were following the sense of Paul's statement.
tn (12:9) The pronoun "my" was supplied in the translation to clarify the sense of Paul's expression.
13tn (12:9) Or "my power comes to full strength."
14tn (12:9) "Most gladly," a comparative form used with superlative meaning and translated as such.
15tn (12:9) Or "may rest on."
16tn (12:10) Or "I take delight in."
17tn (12:10) Or "calamities."
18tn (12:11) Or "I am in no way inferior."
19tn (12:12) Or "patience," "endurance."
20tn (12:12) Or "and miracles."
21tn (12:13) Grk "For in what respect."
22tn (12:14) Grk "children ought not," but this might give the impression that children are not supposed to support sick or aging parents in need of help. That is not what Paul is saying. His point is that children should not have to pay their parent's way.
23tn (12:15) Grk "souls."
24tc (12:15) Some MSS read the participle ajgapw'n (ajgapwn, "loving") instead of the indicative ajgapw' (agapw, "I love"). Both readings convey about the same sense.
25tn (12:17) The Greek construction anticipates a negative answer, indicated by the `tag' question "have I?" at the end of the clause. The question is rhetorical.
26tn (12:18) The words "to visit you" are not in the Greek text but are implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, and must be supplied for the modern reader.
27tn (12:18) Grk "the."
28tn (12:18) The Greek construction anticipates a negative answer, indicated by the `tag' question "did he?" at the end of the clause.
29tn (12:18) Grk "[Did we not walk] in the same tracks?" This is an idiom that means to imitate someone else or to behave as they do. Paul's point is that he and Titus have conducted themselves in the same way toward the Corinthians. If Titus did not take advantage of the Corinthians, then neither did Paul.
30tn (12:19) Or "for your strengthening"; Grk "for your edification."
31tn (12:20) Grk "and I will be found by you." The passive construction has been converted to an active one in the translation.
32tn (12:20) The words "I am afraid that" are not repeated in the Greek text, but are needed for clarity.
33tn (12:20) Or "intense anger, hostility."
34tn (12:21) The words "I am afraid that" are not repeated in the Greek text from v. 20, but are needed for clarity.
35tn (12:21) Or "I will mourn over."
1tn (13:1) The word "visit" is not in the Greek text, but is implied.
2tn (13:1) Grk "By the mouth."
3sn (13:1) A quotation from Deut 19:15 (also quoted in Matt 18:16; 1 Tim 5:19).
4tn (13:2) The word "anyone" is not in the Greek text but is implied.
5tn (13:3) Grk "who." Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
6tn (13:5) Or "unless indeed you are disqualified."
7tn (13:6) Or "that we are not disqualified."
8tn (13:7) Or "that we may appear to be approved."
9tn (13:7) Or "what is good."
10tn (13:7) Or "even if we appear disapproved."
11tn (13:9) Or "fully equipped."
12tn (13:10) Grk "when I am present," but in the context of Paul's third (upcoming) visit to Corinth, this is better translated as "when I arrive."
13tn (13:10) The words "with you" are not in the Greek text, but are implied.
14tn (13:11) Grk "brothers." See note on the phrase "brothers and sisters" in 1:8.
15sn (13:12) The versification of vv. 12 and 13 in the NET Bible (so also NRSV, NLT) is according to the versification in the NA27 and UBS4 editions of the Greek text. Some translations, however, break the material up into three verses, i.e., 12-14 (NKJV, NASB, NIV). The same material is translated in each case; the only difference is the versification of that material.
16tn (13:13) Or "communion."